Brain Injury and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Summary:
An estimated 30,000 children are born in the USA with congenital heart disease each year, two thirds of which will require corrective surgery. Medical advances have formed a trend of operating on newborns rather than waiting until the child is older. Ten years ago, the mortality for these operationswas 60% to 70%. That percentage has dropped to 2%. This specialized book explores the basic mechanisms of neurologic injury associated with congenital heart surgery while covering the emerging technologies for assessment of neurologic integrity and injury. The text also highlights the current and future techniques for reducing and preventing these injuries, and reviews the pertinent medicolegal issues.

Table of Contents:
PART I DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Brain Development and its Relationship to PAtterns of Injury
Maturation of Brain ATP Metabolism
EEG Maturation with Special Reference to Epiletogenic Effects of Hypoxia
Programmed Cell Death
The Biology of Cell Death in the Nematode Caenorhabditid elegans and Implications for the Understanding and Treatment of Human Brain Injury after Cardiac Surgery. PART II ASSESSMENT OF CNS FUNCTION: The Neurological Examination
Cognitive and Psychomotor Developmental Assessment
EEG Methods with PArticular Reference to Neonatal Seizures
Transcranial Doppler Technology: The Noninvasive Monitoring of Cerebral Perfusion During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
PET and SPECT in the Assessment of Cerebral Function
Brain Monitoring Using Optical Imaging and Optical Spectroscopy
Assessment of CNS Function: Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
Cerebral Evaluation with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. PART III MECHANISMS OF NEUROLOGICAL INJURY: Mechanisms of Perinatal Ischemic Brain Damage
Endothelial and White Cell Activation in Bypass and Reperfusion Injury: Brain Injury
Excitotoxicity and Nitric Oxide.
PART IV CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDIES OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS, HYPOTHERMIA AND CIRCULATORY ARREST: A Newborn Canine Model of Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest
Effects on CPB, Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrests on Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
Assessment by NMRS of the Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest
pH MANAGEMENT During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Circulatory Arrest. PART V A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF CIRCULATORY ARREST AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, BOSTON: Methods and Procedures
EEG Findings
Neurologic and MRI Findings
Developmental Findings at One Year
Choreoathetosis. PART VI NEW STRATEGIES FOR CEREBRAL PROTECTION: New Strategies for Brain Protection Including NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Cerebropelagia and Low Flow
Pharmacological Modification of a Cerebroplegia Solution

Readership:
Child neurologists, anaesthesiologists, paediatric surgeons

Reviews: